working of radar

Hertz set out to verify experimentally the earlier theoretical work of Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell. The acronym was by agreement adopted in 1943 by the Allied powers of World War II and thereafter received general international acceptance. Radars usually operate at radio frequencies (RF) between 300 MHz and 15 GHz. As early as 1886, German physicist Heinrich Hertz showed that radio waves could be reflected from solid objects. and received by a highly sensitive receiver.All targets produce a diffuse reflection i.e. Serious developmental work on radar began in the 1930s, but the basic idea of radar had its origins in the classical experiments on electromagnetic radiation conducted by German physicist Heinrich Hertz during the late 1880s. If you know the speed of sound in air, you can then estimate the distance and general direction of the object. Operation Specialist 2nd Class Gilbert Lundgren operates radar equipment in the combat information center of the USS Carney. The radar antenna illuminates the target with a microwave signal, which is then reflected and picked up by a receiving device. The electrical signal picked up by the receiving antenna is called echo or return.

and picked up by a receiving device. Imagine trying to land a jumbo jet the size of a large building on a short strip of tarmac, in the middle of a city, in the depth of the night, in thick fog. The military uses continuous-wave radar to guide semi-active radar homing (SARH) air-to-air missiles, such as the U.S. AIM-7 Sparrow and the Standard missile family. But the calculating of the range by measuring the delay time is one of its most important functions.The following figure shows the operating principle of a primary radar set. In 1895, Alexander Popov, a physics instructor at the Imperial Russian Navy school in Kronstadt, developed an apparatus using a coherer tube for detecting distant lightning strikes. The time required for an echo to return can be roughly converted to distance if the speed of sound is known.Radar uses electromagnetic energy pulses in much the same way, as shown in Figure 1. RF fields below 10 GHz (to 1 MHz) penetrate exposed tissues and produce heating due to energy absorption. Sound doesn't travel very far -- maybe a mile at the most.Almost everyone can hear sounds, so a "sound radar" would definitely disturb the neighbors (you can eliminate most of this problem by using Because the echo of the sound would be very faint, it is likely that it would be hard to detect. When people use radar, they are usually trying to accomplish one of three things: Detect the presence of an object at a distance - Usually the "something" is moving, like an airplane, but radar can also... Detect the speed of an object - This is the reason why police use radar. Weird & WackyWe use cookies to personalise content and ads, to provide social media features and to analyse our traffic. This returned energy is called an ECHO, just as it is in sound terminology. The next year, he added a spark-gap transmitter. The radar signal is generated by a powerful transmitter In hi… You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website. RADAR - Introduction of RADAR Systems, Types and Applications If you can't see where you're going, how can you hope to land safely? If you shout in the direction of a sound-reflecting object (like a rocky canyon or cave), you will hear an echo. This permits radar systems to determine the position of airplanes, ships, or other obstacles that are invisible The launch aircraft illuminates the target with a CW radar signal, and the missile homes in on the reflected radio waves. antenna is called echo or return. The frequency of electromagnetic energy used for radar is unaffected by darkness and also penetrates fog and clouds. A small portion of the reflected energy returns to the radar set. The term “RADAR” was officially coined as an acronym by U.S. Navy Lieutenant Commander Samuel M. Tucker and F. R. Furth in November 1940. The radar signal is generated by a powerful transmitter and received by a highly sensitive receiver. Radar sets use the echo to determine the RF fields within this part of the electromagnetic spectrum are known to interact differently with human body. In 1897, while testing this equipment for communicating between two ships in the Baltic Sea, he took note of an interference beatcaused by the passage of a third vessel. Radar is the use of radio waves to detect and monitor various objects. The radar antenna illuminates the target with a microwave signal, which is then reflected The simplest function of radar is to tell you how far away an object is. The reflected signal is also-called scattering. Under some conditions, radar system can measure the direction, height, distance, course, and speed of these objects. To do this, the radar device emits a concentrated radio wave and listens for any echo. It refers to electronic equipment that detects the presence of objects by using reflected electromagnetic energy.