Finally, he turned to Nixon and replied, "The impact of the French revolution on western civilization - too early to tell." After the founding of the PRC, Zhou was unable or unwilling to protect the former spies that he had employed in the Chinese Civil War and the Second World War, who were persecuted for their wartime contacts with the enemies of the CCP.
In order to avoid detection, Zhou and his wife changed residences at least once a month, and used a variety of aliases. An earlier biographer claims that Chiang Kai-shek put Zhou in charge of "an advanced training center for the CCP members and commissars withdrawn from the army".Zhou was transferred to Shanghai to assist in these activities, probably in late 1926. His work in the Provincial Military Section probably came a little later, see Barnouin and Yu 35.As Wilbur notes, Russian advisors played important roles in these early campaigns.Lee (180 n7) cites a recent study that claims Zhou Panlong did not actually serve as county magistrate.Boorman "Chang Po-ling" (101) calls him "one of the founders of modern education in China".Boorman (332) makes the claim that Zhou attended Kawakami's lecturesFor Chen Yi, see Boorman, "Chen Yi", 255.
The world’s first iron bridge was built in England.
Both parties ended their meeting with an agreement to find a way to secretly work together.
Zhou did extensive work in these areas until the final separation of the Nationalist and Communist parties and the end of the Soviet-Nationalist alliance in 1927.Zhou's activities immediately after his removal from his positions at Whampoa are uncertain. Along with Chinese records of the exchange seen by historians, Freeman has confirmed for us that Zhou Enlai did reply to a question about the French Revolution — the 1968 student uprising in Paris, that is, not the 1789 French Revolution. '”Well, no: It’s not unclear what Zhou meant, as Freeman’s recollections demonstrate.The Zhou misinterpretation, moreover, was inspiration for a clever and amusing observation the other day, in a blog post by Gideon Rachman’s post considered the legacy at the International Monetary Fund of Dominique Straus-Khan, the agency’s former director-general known as “DSK.”“Sometimes,” Rachman noted, “an early exit is good for your legacy.”“So, DSK’s legacy? Zhou, who had come to appreciate Mao's strategies after the series of military failures waged by other Party leaders since 1927, defended Mao, but was unsuccessful. Chou En-Lai considered the question for a few moments. To break the ice, he asked Chou what he thought had been the impact of the French revolution on western civilization. He left Europe probably in late July 1924,Zhou returned to China in late August or early September 1924 to join the Political Department of the The island of Whampoa, ten miles downriver from Guangzhou, was at the heart of the Soviet-Nationalist Party alliance. Due to his influence and political ability, the entire government may have collapsed without his cooperation.
Or maybe he didn’t quite grasp what the As such, his comment suggests a sagacity and a long view of history seldom matched by Western leaders.Recent evidence has emerged, however, that says Zhou was referring not to the French Revolution but to the more recent political unrest that rocked France in 1968.Freeman discussed the context of Zhou’s remark last month at a panel discussion in Washington, D.C. London’s In a subsequent interview with me, Freeman said that Zhou made the remark during a discussion about revolutions that had failed or succeeded.He pointed out that it was clear from the context that Zhou’s “too early to say” comment was in reference to upheaval in France in May 1968, not the years of turmoil that began in 1789.Freeman described Zhou’s misinterpreted comment as “one of those convenient misunderstandings that never gets corrected,” adding that “it conveniently bolstered a stereotype … about Chinese statesmen as far-sighted individuals who think in longer terms than their Western counterparts.”The misconstrued comment fit nicely with “what people wanted to hear and believe,” Freeman said, “so it took” hold.Cohen invoked the conventional interpretation late last week, in a column that began this way:“When I asked Gen. David H. Petraeus what the biggest U.S. mistake of the past decade has been, he did a Zhou Enlai on the French Revolution number to the effect that it was too early to say.“The outgoing commander in Afghanistan and incoming Central Intelligence Agency chief is adept at politics,” Cohen wrote, “one reason he’s the object of the sort of political speculation once reserved for Gen. Colin L. Powell, who was the face of the military to most Americans before Petraeus assumed that role later in the post-9/11 era.”The passage, “he did a Zhou Enlai,” suggests how irresistible Zhou’s misconstrued remark really is — a quality that’s typical of quotations that seem just too “Turns of phrase that sound too neat and tidy often are too perfect to be true,” I write in my latest book, Johnson wasn’t in front of a television when Cronkite’s special report about Vietnam aired on CBS television on February 27, 1968.The president wasn’t lamenting the supposed loss of Cronkite’s support, either.Rather, Johnson was on the campus of the University of Texas at Austin, offering light-hearted banter at the 51st birthday party of a longtime political ally, Governor John Connally.“Today you are 51, John. North Korean troops, instead of withdrawing north, rapidly disintegrated. “But these were exactly the kinds of terms used by the students to describe what they were up to in 1968 and that is how Zhou understood them.” “It was what people wanted to hear and believe, so it took” hold.Stereotyping is but one hazard of dubious quotes like Zhou’s.Dubious and misinterpreted quotes tend to are falsehoods masquerading as the truth — as suggested by the delicious but apocryphal tale about William Randolph Hearst and his purported vow to “furnish the war” with Spain at the end of the 19th century.Dubious quotes also dishonor their purported authors — as in the So it’s very difficult to believe the president could have been much moved by a show he didn’t see.Or that he would have uttered such a comment, if he had seen the program.“[W]hat’s the meaning of it all?
His pioneering work as a political officer in the military made him an important Communist Party expert in this key area; much of his later career centered on the military.