super refraction in antenna

The periodic unit-cells are constructed of a plurality of electrical components; capacitors and inductors as components of multiple The metamaterial incorporates a conducting transmission element, a substrate comprising at least a first ground plane for grounding the transmission element, a plurality of unit-cell circuits composed periodically along the transmission element and at least one This structure was designed for use in waveguiding or scattering of waves. A focusing effect should manifest itself as a “spot” distribution of voltage at a predictable location in the LHM.Negative refraction and focusing can be accomplished without employing resonances or directly synthesizing the permittivity and permeability. Furthermore, the DNG shell becomes a natural impedance matching network for this system.Besides antenna miniaturization, the novel configurations have potential applications ranging from radio frequency devices to optical devices. These include By combining right-handed (RHM) with left-handed materials (LHM) as a composite material (CRLH) construction, both a backward to forward Metamaterials were first used for antenna technology around 2005. reflectors, or in other words, two perfect conducting plates. It can enhance the amplitude of evanescent waves, as well as correct the phase of propagating waves. While conventional absorbers can be three inches thick, metamaterials can be in the millimeter range—2 mm (0.078 in) thick.Metamaterial – loaded transmission-line configurationsNegative refractive index metamaterials supporting 2-D wavesLeft-handed behavior in LC loaded transmission linesGrowing evanescent waves in negative-refractive-index transmission-line mediaBackward wave antenna using an NRI loaded transmission linePlanar NIMs with periodic loaded transmission linesCompact subwavelength 1-D cavity resonators using metamaterialsLeaky mode propagation with metamaterial ground planeMetamaterial – loaded transmission-line configurationsNegative refractive index metamaterials supporting 2-D wavesLeft-handed behavior in LC loaded transmission linesGrowing evanescent waves in negative-refractive-index transmission-line mediaBackward wave antenna using an NRI loaded transmission linePlanar NIMs with periodic loaded transmission linesCompact subwavelength 1-D cavity resonators using metamaterialsLeaky mode propagation with metamaterial ground planeSlyusar V. I. You could not be signed in, please check and try again.You could not be signed in, please check and try again. SRRs have been involved in wide-ranging metamaterial research, including research on metamaterial antennas.A more recent view is that by using SRRs as building blocks, the electromagnetic response and associated flexibility is practical and desirable.Furthermore, this phase compensation can lead to a set of applications, which are miniaturized, Part of the design strategy is that the effective permittivity and permeability of such a metamaterial should be negative – requiring a DNG material.Combining left-handed segments with a conventional (right-handed) transmission line results in advantages over conventional designs.

This material is known variously as a negative index metamaterial (NIM) or double negative metamaterial (DNG) among other names.This configuration analytically and numerically appears to produce an order of magnitude increase in power. It is more compact in size, it can achieve positive or negative In 2002, rather than using SRR-wire configuration, or other 3-D media, researchers looked at planar configurations that supported backward wave propagation, thus demonstrating negative refractive index and focusing as a consequence.The principles behind focusing are derived from Veselago and Pendry. super-refraction.

In addition, by utilizing varactors instead of capacitors, the effective material properties can be dynamically tuned. SuperBeam SuperPole SuperWhip SuperStick SuperPod SuperMast SuperWire.

With transmission line media it is important to match the load impedance ZOften, because of the goal that moves physical metamaterial inclusions (or cells) to smaller sizes, discussion and implementation of Some noted metamaterial antennas employ negative-refractive-index transmission-line metamaterials (NRI-TLM). Other combinations, for other devices in metamaterial antenna subsystems are being researched.In 2002, a different class of negative refractive index (NRI) metamaterials was introduced that employs periodic Although some SRR inefficiencies were identified, they continued to be employed as of 2009 for research. Conventional antennas that are very small compared to the These novel antennas aid applications such as portable interaction with satellites, wide angle beam steering, emergency communications devices, Antenna designs incorporating metamaterials can step-up the radiated Metamaterials are a basis for further miniaturization of Metamaterials permit smaller antenna elements that cover a wider The earliest research in metamaterial antennas was an analytical study of a miniature dipole antenna surrounded with a metamaterial.

These conditions can be modeled by exciting a single node inside the DPS and observing the magnitude and phase of the voltages to ground at all points in the LHM.